AAPA members should complete and submit posttests on the AAPA Web site by going to www.aapa.org and searching for keyword JAAPA post-tests. All others may complete and submit posttests online at no charge at www.mycme.com. To obtain 1 hour of AAPA Category I CME credit, PAs must receive a score of 70% or better on each test taken.

POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS

1. Occupational exposure to HIV most commonly involves


a. Infected amniotic fluid

b. Infected vaginal secretions

c. A percutaneous needlestick

d. Infected cerebrospinal fluid


2. Before postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) is started, 
exposed patients who believe (but are not certain) they are seronegative should undergo 


a. Rapid ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) testing

b. Western blot testing

c. Viral load testing

d. P24 antigen testing


3. The World Health Organization (WHO) and CDC guidelines for initiating PEP therapy say to start treatment


a. Immediately after exposure and give for 2 weeks

b. Within 36 hours of exposure and give for 2 weeks

c. Within 72 hours of exposure and give for 2 weeks

d. Within 72 hours of exposure and give for 4 weeks


4. A two-drug prophylactic regimen is recommended when


a. Resistance to antiretroviral (ARV) therapy is suspected by history

b. Background prevalence of ARV drug resistance in the community is less than 15%

c. The source patient has used ARV therapy only once

d. The source patient's HIV status is unknown


5. According to the WHO, the boosted protease inhibitor 
of choice is ritonavir combined with


a. Lopinavir

b. Atazanavir

c. Darunavir

d. Tipranavir


6. The most common side effect of PEP therapy is


a. Insomnia

b. Nausea and fatigue

c. Asthenia

d. Headache


VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM IN CANCER

7. Patients with cancer are at higher risk for venous 
thromboembolism (VTE) if they


a. Have diabetes mellitus

b. Have had cancer for longer than 6 months

c. Are Native American

d. Are immobilized


8. In thrombosis management, the initial dose of 
unfractionated heparin is


a. 40 U/kg bolus followed by 9 U/kg/h

b. 40 U/kg bolus followed by 18 U/kg/h

c. 80 U/kg bolus followed by 18 U/kg/h

d. 100 U/kg bolus followed by 18 U/kg/h


9. Once warfarin has been dosed to achieve an international normalized ratio of 2 to 3, it is continued for at least 


a. 1 to 3 months

b. 3 to 6 months

c. 6 to 9 months

d. 9 to 12 months


10. The anticoagulant effects of warfarin are amplified by


a. Oral contraceptives

b. Antihistamines

c. Tamoxifen

d. Statins


11. The CLOT trial suggested that for cancer patients with VTE, dalteparin is more effective than oral anticoagulants in reducing the risk of


a. Recurrent bleeding

b. Nonfatal stroke and death

c. Vascular mortality in acute MI

d. Recurrent thromboembolism


12. An advantage of low molecular weight heparin is that it


a. Does not require patients to undergo regular laboratory monitoring

b. Is less expensive than warfarin therapy

c. Does not require dose adjustment in patients with renal insufficiency

d. Does not require the patient to administer daily injections